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摘要: J2ME与Web Service
1. 服务端
这次要发布的web service非常简单。它的功能是把从客户端传入的字符串中的小写字母转变成大写字母,再返回给客户端。Soap 服务器采用apache的AXIS(可以从http://ws.apache.org/axis/下载),应用服务器可以选用各种servlet 容器,我这里采用的是weblogic。
1.1 实现类的源代码
// StringProcessor.java package com.jagie.j2me.ws; public class StringProcessor { public StringProcessor() { } public String process(String name){ return name.toUpperCase(); } }
1.2 发布步骤
1.准备一个目录作为web application的发布目录,我这里的这个目录叫jagiews,这个目录的全路径中最好不要有空格和中文。我的发布目录结构如下:
2.编译StringProcessor.java,把生成的StringProcessor.class置于: \jagiews\WEB-INF\classes\com\jagie\j2me\ws目录下。
3.在jagiews\WEB-INF\lib 文件夹中置入以下axis服务器需要的jar文件 axis.jar,axis-ant.jar,commons-discovery.jar,commons-logging.jar,jaxrpc.jar,log4j-1.2.8.jar,saaj.jar ,wsdl4j.jar。这些文件可以在http://ws.apache.org/axis/下载,如图所示:
4.在jagiews\WEB-INF目录下增加2个发布描述文件:server-config.wsdd,web.xml。
#server-config.wsdd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/ <transport name="http"> </transport> <transport name="local"> </transport>
# web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2.2.dtd">Apache-Axis AxisServlet Apache-Axis Servlet org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisServlet AdminServlet Axis Admin Servlet org.apache.axis.transport.http.AdminServlet 100 SOAPMonitorService SOAPMonitorService org.apache.axis.monitor.SOAPMonitorService SOAPMonitorPort 5001 100 AxisServlet /servlet/AxisServlet AxisServlet *.jws AxisServlet /services/* SOAPMonitorService /SOAPMonitor http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-wsdl12-20030303/#ietf-draft for now we go with the basic 'it's XML' response AdminServlet /servlet/AdminServlet wsdl text/xml xsd text/xml
5.开启你的application server,把目录jagiews发布为一个名叫jagiews的web application。
6.测试:打开浏览器,输入网址(这里使用的是weblogic,其他的服务器请酌情修改): http://localhost:7001/jagiews/services/StringProcess?method=process&name=qqqq,如果浏览器能在返回的xml文档中显示字符串"QQQQ",恭喜你,你的web service发布成功了。如果发布不成功,请按以上发布步骤检查一下。
2. 客户端
客户端自然是用MIDlet了,不过用什么方式来访问web service呢?其实有3种访问方式
这里讲述第三种方式。使用之前,你需要从 http://ksoap.enhydra.org/software/downloads/index.html下载稳定的ksoap包,置于你的classpath中。
2.1 客户端源代码
2.1.1 WSClientMIDlet.java
package com.jagie.j2me.ws; import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; /** *Title:
*Description:
*Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004
*Company:
* @author not attributable * @version 1.0 */ public class WSClientMIDlet extends MIDlet { static WSClientMIDlet instance; public WSClientMIDlet() { instance = this; } public void startApp() { Display display=Display.getDisplay(this); DisplayForm displayable = new DisplayForm(); display.setCurrent(displayable); } public void pauseApp() { } public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) { } public static void quitApp() { instance.destroyApp(true); instance.notifyDestroyed(); instance = null; } }
2.1.2 DisplayForm.java
package com.jagie.j2me.ws; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; /** *Title:
*Description:
*Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004
*Company:
* @author not attributable * @version 1.0 */ public class DisplayForm extends Form implements CommandListener, Runnable { private TextField textField1; private Thread t; public DisplayForm() { super("字符转换webservice测试"); try { jbInit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void jbInit() throws Exception { // Set up this Displayable to listen to command events textField1 = new TextField("", "", 15, TextField.ANY); this.setCommandListener(this); textField1.setLabel("待处理的字符串是:"); textField1.setConstraints(TextField.ANY); textField1.setInitialInputMode("Tester"); setCommandListener(this); // add the Exit command addCommand(new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1)); addCommand(new Command("Process", Command.OK, 1)); this.append(textField1); } public void commandAction(Command command, Displayable displayable) { if (command.getCommandType() == Command.EXIT) { WSClientMIDlet.quitApp(); } else if (command.getCommandType() == Command.OK) { t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } } public void run() { String s1 = textField1.getString(); String s2 = new StringProcessorStub().process(s1); StringItem resultItem = new StringItem("处理后的字符串是:", s2); this.append(resultItem); } }
2.1.3 StringProcessorStub.java
package com.jagie.j2me.ws; import org.ksoap.*; import org.ksoap.transport.HttpTransport; /** *Title:
*Description:
*Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004
*Company:
* @author not attributable * @version 1.0 */ public class StringProcessorStub { public StringProcessorStub() { } public String process(String name) { String result = null; try { SoapObject rpc = new SoapObject ("http://localhost:7001/jagiews/services/StringProcess", "process"); rpc.addProperty("name", name); HttpTransport ht = new HttpTransport ("http://localhost:7001/jagiews/services/StringProcess", ""); result = (String) ht.call(rpc); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } }
测试客户端
现在,试着在你的ide里运行WSClientMIDlet,如果调用成功,则出现以下画面:
总结
有了ksoap,手机上调用web service就很容易了。不过要注意的是,使用网络连接这种费时操作的时候,一定要单独开线程进行,不要直接写在commandAction()方法里,否则出现画面被锁住的情况。