首先下载jsf-1_1_01.zip，并解压。在解压的目录中找到samples目录，把其中的jsf-cardemo.war放到Tomcat 5的webapps目录中，启动Tomcat 5,在浏览器中输入：http://127.0.0.1:8080/jsf-guessNumber/。
<table width="683" border="0"> <tr> <td width="414">例子是简单了点！
greeting.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%>
<head>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %>
<body bgcolor="white">
我的名字叫Duke. 我想好了一个数字，范围是
</td>
<td width="259" align="center">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
数字的最大值、最小值、猜对与否、及数字的验证都绑到了UserNumberBean上，没有使用标准验证器。且来看看这个应用中的主角：
package guessNumber;
import javax.faces.component.UIComponent;
import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
import javax.faces.validator.LongRangeValidator;
import javax.faces.validator.Validator;
import javax.faces.validator.ValidatorException;
import java.util.Random;
public class UserNumberBean {
Integer userNumber = null;
Integer randomInt = null;
String response = null;
protected String[] status = null;
private int minimum = 0;
private boolean minimumSet = false;
private int maximum = 0;
private boolean maximumSet = false;
public UserNumberBean() {
Random randomGR = new Random();
randomInt = new Integer(randomGR.nextInt(10));
System.out.println("Duke's number: " + randomInt);
}
public void setUserNumber(Integer user_number) {
userNumber = user_number;
System.out.println("Set userNumber " + userNumber);
}
public Integer getUserNumber() {
System.out.println("get userNumber " + userNumber);
return userNumber;
}
public String getResponse() {
if (userNumber != null && userNumber.compareTo(randomInt) == 0) {
return "Yay! You got it!";
} else {
return "Sorry, " + userNumber + " is incorrect.";
}
}
public String[] getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(String[] newStatus) {
status = newStatus;
}
public int getMaximum() {
return (this.maximum);
}
public void setMaximum(int maximum) {
this.maximum = maximum;
this.maximumSet = true;
}
public int getMinimum() {
return (this.minimum);
}
public void setMinimum(int minimum) {
this.minimum = minimum;
this.minimumSet = true;
}
public void validate(FacesContext context,
UIComponent component,
Object value) throws ValidatorException {
if ((context == null) || (component == null)) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
if (value != null) {
try {
int converted = intValue(value);
if (maximumSet &&
(converted > maximum)) {
if (minimumSet) {
throw new ValidatorException(
MessageFactory.getMessage
(context,
Validator.NOT_IN_RANGE_MESSAGE_ID,
new Object[]{
new Integer(minimum),
new Integer(maximum)
}));
} else {
throw new ValidatorException(
MessageFactory.getMessage
(context,
LongRangeValidator.MAXIMUM_MESSAGE_ID,
new Object[]{
new Integer(maximum)
}));
}
}
if (minimumSet &&
(converted < minimum)) {
if (maximumSet) {
throw new ValidatorException(MessageFactory.getMessage
(context,
Validator.NOT_IN_RANGE_MESSAGE_ID,
new Object[]{
new Double(minimum),
new Double(maximum)
}));
} else {
throw new ValidatorException(
MessageFactory.getMessage
(context,
LongRangeValidator.MINIMUM_MESSAGE_ID,
new Object[]{
new Integer(minimum)
}));
}
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new ValidatorException(
MessageFactory.getMessage
(context, LongRangeValidator.TYPE_MESSAGE_ID));
}
}
}
private int intValue(Object attributeValue)
throws NumberFormatException {
if (attributeValue instanceof Number) {
return (((Number) attributeValue).intValue());
} else {
return (Integer.parseInt(attributeValue.toString()));
}
}
}
数字的最小值，最大值在faces-config.xml中设置。这里主要看看那个validate方法，它在数字不在0-10范围时，
抛出ValidatorException异常。异常信息将会由标记输出。这些异常信息如何本地化定制？
那就是从资源包中获取！请看：
package guessNumber;
import javax.faces.application.Application;
import javax.faces.application.FacesMessage;
import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.MissingResourceException;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
public class MessageFactory extends Object {
private MessageFactory() {
}
//这个方法是用做参数替换
public static String substituteParams(Locale locale, String msgtext, Object params[]) {
String localizedStr = null;
if (params == null || msgtext == null) {
return msgtext;
}
StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer(100);
MessageFormat mf = new MessageFormat(msgtext);
if (locale != null) {
mf.setLocale(locale);
b.append(mf.format(params));
localizedStr = b.toString();
}
return localizedStr;
}
//上面方法的用法例子
public static void main(String args[]){
String msgtext="我由于{0},不能去{1}";
String params[]={"有事","北京"};
String s=substituteParams(Locale.CHINESE,msgtext,params);
System.out.println(s);
}
/**
运行结果：
D:\java>java Test
我由于有事,不能去北京
D:\java>
*/
/**
* This version of getMessage() is used in the RI for localizing RI
* specific messages.
*/
public static FacesMessage getMessage(String messageId, Object params[]) {
Locale locale = null;
FacesContext context = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
// context.getViewRoot() may not have been initialized at this point.
if (context != null && context.getViewRoot() != null) {
locale = context.getViewRoot().getLocale();
if (locale == null) {
locale = Locale.getDefault();
}
} else {
locale = Locale.getDefault();
}
return getMessage(locale, messageId, params);
}
//从资源包中获取信息，从而构造jsf页面标记与中所要显示的详细和摘要信息
public static FacesMessage getMessage(Locale locale, String messageId,
Object params[]) {
FacesMessage result = null;
String
summary = null,
detail = null,
bundleName = null;
ResourceBundle bundle = null;
// see if we have a user-provided bundle
if (null != (bundleName = getApplication().getMessageBundle())) {//资源包的名字
if (null !=
(bundle =
ResourceBundle.getBundle(bundleName, locale,
getCurrentLoader(bundleName)))) {//获取资源包
// see if we have a hit
try {
summary = bundle.getString(messageId);//从资源包中获取信息摘要
} catch (MissingResourceException e) {
}
}
}
// 如果不能在用户提供的资源包中获取信息摘要，再从默认的资源包中查找
if (null == summary) {
// see if we have a summary in the app provided bundle
bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(FacesMessage.FACES_MESSAGES,
locale,
getCurrentLoader(bundleName));
if (null == bundle) {
throw new NullPointerException(" bundle " + bundle);
}
// see if we have a hit
try {
summary = bundle.getString(messageId);
} catch (MissingResourceException e) {
}
}
// we couldn't find a summary anywhere! Return null
if (null == summary) {
return null;
}
// At this point, we have a summary and a bundle.
if (null == summary || null == bundle) {
throw new NullPointerException(" summary " + summary + " bundle " +
bundle);
}
//参数替换，用参数params替换摘要中的{0},{1}等占位符。
summary = substituteParams(locale, summary, params);
try {
//详细信息
detail = substituteParams(locale,
bundle.getString(messageId + "_detail"),
params);
} catch (MissingResourceException e) {
}
return (new FacesMessage(summary, detail));
}
//
// Methods from MessageFactory
//
public static FacesMessage getMessage(FacesContext context, String messageId) {
return getMessage(context, messageId, null);
}
public static FacesMessage getMessage(FacesContext context, String messageId,
Object params[]) {
if (context == null || messageId == null) {
throw new NullPointerException(" context " + context + " messageId " +
messageId);
}
Locale locale = null;
// viewRoot may not have been initialized at this point.
if (context != null && context.getViewRoot() != null) {
locale = context.getViewRoot().getLocale();
} else {
locale = Locale.getDefault();
}
if (null == locale) {
throw new NullPointerException(" locale " + locale);
}
FacesMessage message = getMessage(locale, messageId, params);
if (message != null) {
return message;
}
locale = Locale.getDefault();
return (getMessage(locale, messageId, params));
}
public static FacesMessage getMessage(FacesContext context, String messageId,
Object param0) {
return getMessage(context, messageId, new Object[]{param0});
}
public static FacesMessage getMessage(FacesContext context, String messageId,
Object param0, Object param1) {
return getMessage(context, messageId, new Object[]{param0, param1});
}
public static FacesMessage getMessage(FacesContext context, String messageId,
Object param0, Object param1,
Object param2) {
return getMessage(context, messageId,
new Object[]{param0, param1, param2});
}
public static FacesMessage getMessage(FacesContext context, String messageId,
Object param0, Object param1,
Object param2, Object param3) {
return getMessage(context, messageId,
new Object[]{param0, param1, param2, param3});
}
protected static Application getApplication() {
return (FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().getApplication());
}
//获取当前的类加载器，需要该类加载器来查找资源包
protected static ClassLoader getCurrentLoader(Object fallbackClass) {
ClassLoader loader =
Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (loader == null) {
loader = fallbackClass.getClass().getClassLoader();
}
return loader;
}
} // end of class MessageFactory
当然我们需要在faces-config.xml中定义资源包名
并写出messages_zh_CN.properties文件:
javax.faces.validator.NOT_IN_RANGE=验证错误: 数字应该在{0}和{1}之间
javax.faces.validator.LongRangeValidator.MAXIMUM=验证错误: 数字不应该比{0}大
javax.faces.validator.LongRangeValidator.MINIMUM=验证错误:数字不应该比{0}小
javax.faces.validator.LongRangeValidator.TYPE=验证错误:数字类型错误.
javax.faces.component.UIInput.CONVERSION=转换数字时发生错误.
javax.faces.component.UIInput.REQUIRED=请输入数字 ...
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